Agro-pastoralism, settled communities, mathematics, art, and much of civilization as we know it came to the West through its interaction with Mesopotamia - although Mesopo- tamia itself interacted with other early societies as in Iran - this all know. In terms of people known to history, Mesopotamian civilization began with the Ubaidians (6200 - 5500 BC) and next knew the Sumerians. Researchers speak of movement of people to Mesopotamia from the north. Should we look also to the south? NORTH: Where did Sumerians come from? While quoting Kurdish academician at Harvard, Dr. Mehrdad R. Izady, I note that present-day Arab populations when entering MIddle East lands beginning (at first in trickles) near 2100 BC, met indigenous Neolithic / Bronze-Age Afroid populations contemporary (i.e. N-BA) figrine show. Izady writes: that the Ubaidian people may be identical or related to the (my note - “pre-Arabic”) ‘Khaldi.’ The Khaldi are well represented in ancient Kurdistan.” [a] (see map below for Tell Kurdu, part of Kurdistan). Considered a Kurd from today’s Kurdistan was, Idrimi [C3 - original picture, not the widespread “restored” version] - the king of the prosperous, gold-laden old kingdom in Mukish / Alalakh (see map) and a member of the nomadic Canaanite Royal family in Aleppo of 1500 BC. [footnote: b] And the Hurranians among whom the Guti number [a] arises [C3] Gudea, governor of Sumeria - culturally (not tribally) descendent from the world’s first empire: that of [C1] Sargon I. Noah Kramer, University of Pennsylvania Sumerologist, notes that Enmerkar, the first king of Sumeria after the Flood, came from Turkey/Armenia, in or near Mount Aratta. There being evidence: 1) in the form of an historic “Enmerkar-Ararrat epic”; 2) Izady describes “Mercar” as a “Qutil (in Armenia) general,” who broke “away from Aratta, circa 2500 BC.” 3) Of wine and beer use first in ancient Kurdistan, Izady writes of this: “Indirect Sumerian evidence from seal markings depicting people drinking beer through straws from a common vat post-dates the Qutil dynasty of that land.” Now, in the cuneiform scroll [D] of the 5th king of Akkad Shar-Kali-Sherri (2100 BC) are seen the Lahmu / Lahamu gods drinking beer from straws. SOUTH: They are using an earthen vessel with a wave motif and it has now been shown (text below) that “wavy” pottery began in the Sudan. An early form of design was of the parallel, unbroken, incised wavy lines made with catfish spine. [A] These travelled from the Sudan to the Red Sea. [A] And I note that it went from the Red Sea to Turkey, and Mesopotamia [E2,3]; is seen in the scroll of the scribe of Shar-Kali-Sherri [E4] and in Kandahar, Afghanistan, part of the Indus Valley civilization [E5]. The design is later seen in Shang Dynasty China as well. Based on the appearance of the gods in [D] It is plausible that pottery was carried by a movement of people from the Sudan to Mesopotamia. In [B1] is a Sudanese goddess wearing horns from 7M. And Naram Sin, son of Sargon [B2], 5000 years later is wearing bull horns in a fact supporting the hypothesis. The above people, artifacts, and relationships may possibly shed some light on who and what the origin of the early Ubaidians and Sumerians was.
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