Legend: In the last 2000 years since the time of Julius Caesar, the African character of Europe and Western religion has been lost. The term “African” is not used in the geographic sense but physical sense meaning those with wiry / woolly hair and full facial features. Christ: The early paintings of Christ are as an African: St Genis Des Fontaines, France (1019) [A1], Prague (1360) [A2] Historical monarchs: [B] shows a millennium-and-a-half of African monarchs. The first here is Vercingetorix (a monarch of Gaul, 48 BC) [B1]. Then, Robert Karoly II of Hungary (1288) [B2], Wenceslas III of Prague (1362) [B3], Rudolf II of Prague (1576 - though as with the others, some artists portray them as white) [B5], and King Charles II of England (1630) The Madonna or Virgin and child: The earliest prototype of the Madonna, the Mother & child [C1], was the African tribal mother who was the protector and nurturer of the tribe . The figure represented is from Naqada [C1] followed by Isis [C2]. The first Madonnas were African as seen in Prague, 1340 [C3], Italy, 1280 [C4], France, 1400 [C5], and Spain, 1100 [C6]. Biblical figures: St. Peter, Vatican, (1400) [D1], St. Andrew, Hungary, 1200 [A2]. David and Goliath, Prague, 1425) [D3], the Nativity scene with a wiseman as a detail, Rome, [D4], One of three wisemen, Antwerp, Belgium, 1525 [A5]. The spread of religion: From St. Mark, the first Christian Church began in Afrigypt - the Coptic Chursh. The great sea- men and traders, the Phoenicians, founded nation-states from Rome through Basel, Switzerland. Phoenicians were Canaanite traders; Canaan, a son of Ham, i.e. Hebrew, Semitic, and African, like Jesus. It was largely the African Semitic Hebrew who carried various religions to colonies established by the Phoenicians . The Indo-Europeans arriving in Western Europe con- verted to Christianity and Catholicism and were soon absorbed into the hierarchy. It was even Janos Huss, a Celt and Bo- hemian (so named for the diminuitive African peoples they found in the arrival of Germanic peoples to Prague) who 100 years before Martin Luther protested the practices of the growingly oppressive Catholic Church. This won him burning at the stake. But, it was Huss’ treatise that Martin Luther posted on the door of Wittenberg giving birth to Protestanism...art, art history, Paul Marc Washington, paleoneolithic@yahoo.com

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