Africans and the 4,500 year history of ear-rings Legend: The theory of this work is that the stunning world-wide presence of the hoop ear-ring is due to the fashion of ancient Africans [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] that was carried around the olden world surving until present times [19]. By African, we mean those given to woolly hair and full facial features. In 1800 BC it was worn in Africa [1, 2]; in 500 BC the Near East [7]; from 2500 BC in the Indus Valley [8, 9]; in 400 BC in China [10, 11]; in Japan [12], from 600 BC Greece [13, 14]; from 200 AD Europe [15, 16]; from 1000 BC The Americas [17, 18, 19]. 1 Afrigypt: Amenemhat, Dyn.12,1875-1842.BC 2 Afrigypt: Akenaten and daughter, Dyn18, 1550-1295 BC 3 Afrigypt: Nubian, Dyn18, 1550-1295 BC 4 Afrigypt: Thutmoses IV reign, Dyn.18,1400-1390.BC 5 Africa: Carthagian generals: Fought for Hannibal & found on Etruscan coins, 180 BC 6 West African: One earring wearer, Today 7 Susa: Nobleman from time of Darius the Great, c. 500 BC 8 Pakistan: Punjab, Harappan: c. 2500 BC 9 India: Tamil Nadu: Standing Parvati, Chola Period, 800 AD 10 China: Yunnan, Shizhaishan: Dancing woman of Dian peoples, 250 BC - 250 AD 11 China: Henan, Luoyang: Man of East Zhou people , 475 BC - 206 BC 12 Japan: Hokkaido: Ainu girl, 1870 AD; Right picture of Ainu in 1600 AD Hokkaido shows Ainu, 400 years ago with a globe of woolly hair, the sign of Negro/African. 13 Greece: Aegina: With balls of woolly hair and full features, goddess Athena, 495 BC 14 Greece: Caere: bust found in necropolis during Phoenician era, 650 AD 15 Croatia: Istria: Black-a-Moor king, c. 200 AD 16 England: Moor on coat-of-arms of Medieval Royal Family, 1300 AD 17 America: Mississippi: Barrel part of a pipe from the Adena tribe, 1000 BC 18 Mexico: San Luis Potosi: Figure from Tlatilco culture, 900 BC - 300 BC 19 America: Hollywood: Beyonce, today , art history, Paul Marc Washington, paleoneolithic@yahoo.com

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