“KNOW THYSELF” - A MAXIM OF SOCRATES:
BUT, WAS HE AFRICAN?

Death from a kangaroo court brought on by drinking 
from a cup of poison hemlock as punishment for his 
teachings, the words of Socrates provide pillars of 
Christian belief and Western thought. 
These have earned him the title of Father 
of Western Philosophy. Those ideas
include: The doctrine of Nous, i.e. Mind 
or Intelligent Cause in order to account 
for God and Creation. The immortality 
of the soul. The doctrine of Supreme 
Good. However, was Socrates African?

A. BLACK ATHENA: In Black Athena: The Afroasiatic 
Roots of Classical Civilization) Martin Bernal ignited 
a controversy expounding on a hypothesis that ancient 
Greece, and hence Western civilization, derived much 
of its cultural roots from Afroasiatic (Egyptian and 
Phoenician) cultures. He also holds that Socrates was 
African. His chief critic, Mary Lefkowitz of Wellesley 
College, believes that Bernal is mistaken and hence 
the groundwork for their debate. Yet, neither has 
mentioned that Socrates described himself as 
African - hence, there’s no argument (see below).

B. DEFINITION OF AFRICAN: An African is an 
individual inclined to have wooly hair, a full 
mouth, and full nose [11, 12, 13,14, 16, 17, 
18, 19]. Wooly hair has a long history. It is 
recorded for the Son of Man in the bible in 
Daniel 7:9 where he’s described as having a

[A] Symposium, Chapter V: Socrates defines self as African.
[B] Evaluation of plethora of 3rd century BC Sculptures of Socrates. Site Backup.
[C] 3rd Century BC Bust of Socrates in Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia. Site Backup.

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